1. Giriş
Polypropylene (PP), as a widely used thermoplastic polymer, plays an important role in many fields, such as packaging, household appliances, and automotive parts, due to its easy processing and excellent comprehensive properties. Nevertheless, PP still shows limitations in some aspects, including high heat shrinkage, insufficient performance under low temperature conditions, and poor impact resistance. These problems have prompted people to modify it by adding inorganic mineral powders in order to improve its performance and expand its applicability in various application scenarios.
2. Seven mineral powders suitable for filling polypropylene
— Calcium carbonate：A balancer between low cost and rigidity
Calcium carbonate is the most widely used filler in PP modification. Its core advantage is that it significantly reduces material costs (the price is only 1/5~1/10 of PP), while improving rigidity (bending modulus increased by 20%~30%) and dimensional stability through physical support structures.
— Talc: An enhancer of heat resistance and dimensional stability
The layered structure of talc gives PP excellent rigidity, heat resistance and low shrinkage. Adding 20% to 30% talc can increase the heat deformation temperature of PP to 130°C and reduce the molding shrinkage to about 1%. This feature makes talc particularly suitable for manufacturing parts with high dimensional accuracy requirements, such as: automotive dashboards and home appliance housings.
— Mica: An innovator in mechanical and electrical insulation properties
The high sheet diameter ratio structure of mica enables it to form a reinforced network in PP. This can significantly improve the tensile strength, modulus and creep resistance, meanwhile providing excellent electrical insulation. For example, mica-filled PP can be used as wire and cable sheaths and high-voltage insulation parts.
— Silicon dioxide (SiO₂): An optimizer of comprehensive performance
Nano silicon dioxide can significantly improve the mechanical strength, thermal stability and barrier properties of PP due to its high specific surface area and three-dimensional network structure. The interaction between its surface hydroxyl groups and the PP matrix can refine the crystal structure and improve the surface gloss of the material. In the field of flame retardant, silicon-containing filler (such as silicon dioxide) can form a silicon-oxygen barrier layer when burned, reducing oxygen contact and synergizing with flame retardants to improve the flame retardant grade of PP.
— Kaolin: A versatile material for electrical insulation and functionalization
After calcination, the electrical insulation properties of kaolin are significantly enhanced, making it suitable for high-voltage cables and electronic components. Meanwhile, its flaky structure can also improve the tensile strength and rigidity of PP products.
— Wollastonite: An improver of heat and moisture resistance
The rod-like structure of wollastonite can effectively increase the heat deformation temperature and strength retention rate of PP in wet state. The larger the aspect ratio, the more significant the reinforcement effect, and it is suitable for automotive parts and electronic housings in humid environments. Wollastonite-filled PP also exhibits better scratch resistance than talcum powder, especially after adding toughening reçine (such as PE-LLD), the capability of plastic deformation recovery is significantly improved.
— Barium sulfate (BaSO₄): An high gloss and functional filler
The high density and chemical stability endow barium sulfate functions of weight gain, surface smoothness and sound insulation in PP. Synthetic barium sulfate (specific surface area 22000~140000 cm²/g) can improve the gloss of products and it is suitable for home appliance housings, and high-gloss masterbatches. Its X-ray transparency also enables it to have imaging function in medical imaging equipment.
3. Conclusion
The seven types of mineral powders have their own characteristics. Through scientific ratio and process optimization, they can accurately meet the performance requirements of PP in different application scenarios. In the future, with the development of nanotechnology, surface modification and composite filling technology, the application of mineral powders in PP modification will be more diversified, promoting the continuous evolution of materials towards high performance, multi-function and greenness.
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Qingdao Epic Toz Makineleri Co., Ltd. bir üretici specializing in the production of powder processing equipment. Our products include: air classifier mill, bilyalı değirmen, valsli değirmen, jet mill, various hava sınıflandırıcıları, and powder coating and modification equipment. Among them, powder coating and modification equipment includes: pim-değirmen değiştiricisi, üç rotorlu değirmen değiştiricisi, Ve turbo-değirmen değiştiricisi. We will provide customers with the most suitable equipment and solutions according to their specific needs and different materials and modification purposes, and provide all-round services before, during and after sales to ensure that customers have no worries after buying our products.
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